Analysis Report: Ethnic Research in Guasing Village, Chin State
TABLE OF CONTENTLanguage Option is available in: Tedim (Zolai)
1. Foreword
2. Introduction
2.1. Objectives
2.2. Data Input & Processing
3. Dedication
4. Result
5. Key findings (Network)
6. Behind the Research
7. Citation
8. Copyright & License
9. Download
1. FOREWORD
Ethnic Research Survey in Guasing Village, Chin State was implemented by the 2015-2016 Siamsin Executive Committee (SEC) of Zomi Students Association – Universities of Myanmar (commonly known as Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar).
First, Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar wishes to acknowledge many Zomi students, doctors, dentists, and nurses who participated in “6th Siamsin Medical Trip & 7th Siamsin Summit to Guasing Village” on April 14-18, 2016 and contributed substantially to the success of the survey. Second, we would like to express our gratitude to local authorities of Guasing Village for granting permission to implement the survey in the village.
Personally, I am highly indebted to Tg. Thang Lam Lian (Lianpi), the President of Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Yangon (2016-2017) for his full assistant support of oral data input translation and I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to Lia Zam Khan Lun (Lun Bawi), the Executive of Communication & Fundraising of Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Yangon (2015-2016) for helping me understand the survey questions written in Tedim Language. My thanks and appreciation also go to Tg. Pau It Khang (Khang Khang), the Executive of Culture & Literature of Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Yangon (2014-2015) for making this tiny analysis report available in Tedim Language.
Finally, we are grateful to the survey respondents in Guasing Village who generously gave their time to provide the information that forms the basis of this report.
Tg. Cing Sian Dal (Dalpi)
Secretary of Research & Development Department
Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar
2. INTRODUCTION
Ethnic Research Survey in Guasing Village, Chin State was implemented by the 2015-2016 Siamsin Executive Committee (SEC) of Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar (ZSK-UM).
Data collection took place from April 14 - 18, 2016. Oral data translation took place from December 17- 20, 2016. Analysis took place from December 21-26, 2016. Writing took place from 27 - 30, 2016.
2.1. OBJECTIVES
Annually, Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar make programs for Medical Care and Ethnic Research in a specific village in Chin State. For the years of 2015 and 2016, the site chosen was Guasing Village.
The primary objective of Ethnic Research Survey in Guasing Village is to provide estimates of basic values and networks of religion, politics, personality, organization, education, migration, interests, media, urban demand (Tedim township) and rural demand.
The information collected through Ethnic Research Survey is intended to assist independent or dependent researchers, developers and program managers in designing and evaluating programs and strategies for the development of Chin State (Zogam) and Chin People (Zomi).
2.2. DATA INPUT & PROCESSING
To ensure data correction, triple entry of data was carried out for easy comparison, identification of errors and inconsistencies and checked by using Diff3 (http://kdiff3.sourceforge.net/). Data are saved as Comma Separated Values (CSV).
Relation network between data is analyzed by Gephi Software (http://gephi.org/). Required node lists and edge lists between data are generated by using csv-to-nodelist (https://github.com/csdal/csv-to-nodelist) and Gephi Plugin (https://github.com/seinecle/My-Plugins-for-Gephi). Data is also analyzed by Structured Query Language (SQL).
3. DEDICATION
This tiny analysis is dedicated to my friends of Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Yangon (2016-2017).
4. RESULTS
4.1. CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS
Guasing villagers (S=118, male=36, female=78) were asked.
Table 4.1
| MEN | WOMEN | |||
| AGE | ||||
| < 18 | 6 | 17 | No Response | 4 |
| 18-22 | 7 | 19 | ||
| 23-26 | 2 | 5 | ||
| 27+ | 21 | 37 | ||
| Total | 36 | 78 | Total | 4 |
| Job | Unknown Sex | |||
| Job | 6 | 7 | Job | 1 |
| No Job | 28 | 69 | No Job | 3 |
| Searching Job | 2 | 2 | Searching Job | 0 |
| Total | 36 | 78 | Total | 4 |
| Education | No Response | |||
| No Schooling | 0 | 7 | Male | 1 |
| Primary | 0 | 2 | Female | 0 |
| Secondary Education | 23 | 38 | ||
| High Education | 9 | 22 | Unknown Sex | |
| Under-graduated | 2 | 7 | Secondary Education | 2 |
| Graduated | 1 | 2 | High Education | 1 |
| Graduated | 1 | |||
| Total | 35 | 78 | Total | 5 |
4.2. EDUCATION STATUS
Most respondents (97.46%, N=115, NA=3) consider that to be educated is more significant than to be rich. Most of them (94.92%, N=112, NA=3) think that to finish high education (Standard 10) is necessary for today youths.
When they were asked their enthusiastic education, most responses are related to medicine (33.91%, N=40) and engineering (18.64%, N=64).
Table 4.2
| < 18 | 18-22 | 23-26 | 27+ | |||
| Enthusiasm | No Response | |||||
| Doctor | 10 | 7 | 0 | 12 | < 18 | 1 |
| Obstetrics & Gynecology | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 18-22 | 1 |
| Nurse | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 23-26 | 0 |
| Pharmacy | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27+ | 4 |
| Public Health | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Engineer | 2 | 5 | 2 | 11 | ||
| Software Engineer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Civil Engineer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Auto-motor Engineering | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Business | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Economics | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Theology | 4 | 2 | 0 | 10 | ||
| Music | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Myanmar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Police | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soldier | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Captain | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Foreign Language | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Teacher | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | ||
| School Education | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||
| Total | 24 | 25 | 8 | 56 | Total | 6 |
| Note: Total value count exceeds 118 due to presence of two enthusiasms for one person. |
4.3. MIGRATION
Most villagers (46.61%, N=66, NA=1) have no desire to migrate to USA while competitive number of villagers (36.44%, N=43, NA=1) have such desire.
However, there is increased amount (73.73%, N=87, NA=3) of desire for migration away from the village to other finer locations, mostly urban (52.54%, N=62, NA=3), plain (13.56%, N=16, NA=3) and foreign countries (7.63%, N=9, NA=3). Migration factor depends on geological characteristics.
Table 4.3
| COUNT | |
| Urban | 1 |
| Tedim | 29 |
| Yangon | 6 |
| Kalay | 26 |
| Plain | 16 |
| Foreign Countries | 9 |
| Guasing Village | 26 |
| Conditional | 2 |
| No Response | 3 |
| Total | 118 |
4.4. NEWS SOURCE
Church’s pamphlet (N=46) and Zo Aw (N=40) are the main sources of news in the village.
Table 4.4
| IMPRESSION COUNT | |
| News Source | |
| Church's Pamphlet | 46 |
| Zo Aw | 40 |
| Yangon Awging | 27 |
| Zingsol | 19 |
| Tedim Post | 17 |
| Internet | 14 |
| Tongsan | 13 |
| Government-owned Newspaper | 13 |
| Zomi Times | 9 |
| Journal (Burmese Language) | 9 |
| Radio | 2 |
| Friends | 1 |
| No Response | 15 |
4.5. MOVIE SUBTITLE
Almost all respondents (85.60%, N=101, NA=1) agree that movie embedded in subtitle and audio-title in Tedim (Zolai/Zopau) have good contribution to them. Twelve of villagers (10.17%, NA=1) suggest improvement.
Table 4.5
| COUNT | |
| Movie Subtitle | |
| Suggest Improvement | 12 |
| Useful | 101 |
| Either Useful or Pointless | 2 |
| Pointless | 2 |
4.6. INTERNET USAGE
Among the respondents, 16 persons (13.56%, NA=1) use internet while 97 (82.20%, NA=1) people don’t. 4 persons (3.39%, NA=1) know it is good but they are not using it yet.
Table 4.6
| COUNT | |
| Internet Usage | |
| Using | 16 |
| Not Using | 97 |
| Good but Not Using | 4 |
4.7. DECISION-MAKING IN FAMILY CULTURE
Over half of the respondents (47.46%, N=56, NA=4) have no right for decision-making in their family culture whereas 26 people (22.03%, NA=4) have right to do so. 32 of respondents (27.19%, NA=4) can make their decision sometimes.
Table 4.7
| COUNT | |
| Decision | |
| Full Right | 26 |
| Sometimes | 32 |
| No Right | 56 |
4.8. VILLAGE DEMAND
Most villagers choose hospital/clinics should be their most demand for their village.
Table 4.8
| DEMAND COUNT | |
| Village Demand | |
| Hospital/Clinics | 64 |
| Phone Line | 29 |
| Street & Road | 23 |
| School/University | 17 |
| Water | 4 |
| Electricity | 3 |
| No Answer (Village Demand) | 2 |
| Airport | 1 |
| Good Headman | 1 |
| Village Development Committee | 1 |
| Vocational Education | 1 |
4.9. TEDIM TOWNSHIP DEMAND
From the respondents’ point of view for Tedim township, they suggest university/college as its top demand. Electricity, Road & Street and Hospital follow after it.
Table 4.9
| DEMAND COUNT | |
| Tedim Township Demand | |
| University/College | 45 |
| Electricity | 14 |
| Road & Street | 2 |
| Hospital | 2 |
| Company | 1 |
| Already Enough | 1 |
| No Answer (Tedim City Demand) | 4 |
4.10. PERSONALITY
Personality test is experienced by the following questions:
1. Will you construct a building after you have enough money to build it?
2. Will you start constructing a building with the amount you have?
65 persons (55.08%, NA=2) choose start constructing a building with the amount they have and are considered as those who can take risk and rely on their faith. 51 persons (43.22%, NA=2) choose to construct a building after they have enough money for it and are to be those who avoid risk and rely on their condition.
4.11. POLITICS
4.11.1. RELIGION AND ETHNICITY
58 persons (49.15%, NA=3) disagree combination nature of religion and ethnicity especially in Church. Among them, 14 persons (11.86%, NA=3) strongly disagree. Meanwhile, 53 persons (44.92%, NA=3) like combination of religion and ethnicity. 4 persons (3.39%, NA=3) are neutral to it.
4.11.2. IDEAL STATE LEADER
57 persons (48.30%, NA=8) think that religious leaders are ideal for the State leader. 47 persons (39.83%, NA=8) find non-religious leaders ideal for the State leader.
Table 4.11.2
| COUNT | |
| Ideal State Leader | |
| Religious | 57 |
| Non-religious | 47 |
| Those who love the State | 3 |
| Highly Educated Leader | 1 |
| Political Enthusiast | 1 |
| Those who love the People | 1 |
| No Response | 5 |
4.11.3. VOTING
Almost all respondents (96.61%, N=114, NA=3) admitted that they vote. Very few (N=1, NA=3) has no concern for it.
They choose their votes by party (49.15%, N=58, NA=4), person (28.81%, N=34, NA=4), what pastors told (6.78%, N=8, NA=4), and what their relatives or surroundings told (11.86%, N=14, NA=4).
4.11.4. Role of Women in Politics
Most respondents (85.60%, N=101, NA=2) consider that the role of women is significant in politics. 8 persons (6.78%, NA=2) choose by choice of vote.
However, only 99 persons (83.91%, NA=3) encourage women to participate in politics while 7 persons (5.93%, NA=3) discourage women. 9 persons (7.62%, NA=3) select by vote of choice.
4.12. ASSOCIATION
4.12.1. ASSOCIATION NAME
Respondents are most involved in Guasing Development Committee (28.81%, N=34, NA=44) and second in Church (7.63%, N=9, NA=44).
Table 4.12.1
| COUNT | |
| Association | |
| Guasing Development Committee (GDC) | 34 |
| Church | 9 |
| Youth Association | 6 |
| Siamsin | 4 |
| Women Association | 4 |
| Youth Service | 3 |
| Headmanship | 2 |
| MYC | 2 |
| Animal Farming | 1 |
| Variety | 1 |
| Education | 1 |
| Health Organization | 1 |
| MZCYF | 1 |
| Sunday School | 1 |
| World Health Organization | 1 |
| World Vision | 1 |
| ZCD | 1 |
| ZYA | 1 |
| No Response | 44 |
4.12.2. ASSOCIATION COMBINATION
87 persons (73.73%, NA=2) favors multi-association which is existence of various kinds of association. 29 persons (24.58%, NA=2) favors uni-association, which is existence of only one association.
4.12.3. SUFFICIENCY IN NUMBERS OF ASSOCIATION
77 persons (65.25%, NA=4) agree that numbers of association are not sufficient enough and 7 persons (5.93%, NA=4) strongly expect creation of more associations when 37 persons (31.35%, NA=4) agree that it is already enough.
4.12.4. PARTICIPATION
38 persons (32.20%, NA=3) do not participate in association in their village though 76 persons (64.41%, NA=3) join in associations in their village. Very few (0.89%, N=1, NA=3) does not want to join.
4.12.5. WORKING WITH ASSOCIATION
All persons (N=118, 100%, NA=0) agree working along with association instead of doing one work (N=0, 0%, NA=0).
4.12.6. WOMEN'S LEADERSHIP ROLE
In leadership role of women in association, 48.31% (N=57, NA=4) agree and 37.29% (N=44, NA=4) disagree. 11.02% (N=13, NA=4) has no concern for it.
4.12.7. ROLE OF YOUTH IN ASSOCIATION
4.12.7.1. SIGNIFICANCE
55.93% (N=66, NA=44) consider that the role of youth is significant in association while 6.78% (N=8, NA=44) do not see it significant.
4.12.7.2. DECISION-MAKING
Most youths (66.95%, N=79, NA=4) are involved in decision-making in associations (e.g., Global Zomi Alliance) and 19.49% (N=23, NA=4) are involved sometimes. 10.17% (N=12, NA=4) do not involve.
4.12.7.3. EXPECTED PARTICIPATION RATE
Most expected rate in role of youth in association is 50% of occupation.
Table 4.12.7.3
| COUNT | |
| Expected Rate | |
| 100% | 4 |
| 90% | 2 |
| 80% | 4 |
| 70% | 10 |
| 60% | 1 |
| 50% | 55 |
| 40% | 3 |
| 35% | 6 |
| 30% | 4 |
| 25% | 7 |
| 20% | 1 |
| 12% | 1 |
| 10% | 5 |
| 0% | 1 |
| Much Better | 7 |
5. KEY FINDINGS
5.1. MIGRATION
In the graph (Figure 5.1.1), NA value (N=1) for Going to 3rd Land, USA can confirm that:
• He or she (N=1) just wants to live in the village.
NA value (N=3) for Migration to another area (I want to live) show that:
• There is one person who want to go to 3rd Land, USA
• Two persons don’t.
The persons (N=8) who are still thinking for Going (or not) to 3rd Land, USA say:
• Two persons have solid decision to just live in Guasing Village
• Most of them (N=5) want to live in Tedim (N=1), Yangon (N=1), Foreign Countries (N=2), and Plain (N=1).
Overall, only 18.16% of respondents (N=22, absolute NA=1) in the village have absolutely no desire to migrate to another area although there are 22.03% of respondents (N=26, absolute NA=1) who say that they just want to live in the village but have desire to go to 3rd Land, USA (N=3, absolute NA=1).
 |
| Figure 5.1 |
5.2. RELIGION AND ETHNICITY
A NA value (N=1, S=3) for combination nature of Religion and Ethnicity confirms that she or he (N=1) chooses the State leader to be from religion.
Religion is dominant and competitive with Ethnicity. 50% of respondents (N=29, S=58, NA=2) who disagree and strongly disagree combination nature of Religion (Church) and Ethnicity come to agree the State leader to be from Religion.
 |
| Figure 5.2 |
5.3. AGE, SEX AND DECISION-MAKING IN FAMILY CULTURE
Although women are higher in population in men, even by ratio, women (53.95%, N=41, S=76, NA=2) still have higher in no right in decision-making in family culture than men (N=15, 41.67%, S=36, NA=2).
At the ages of more than 27 (40%, N=24, S=60) gain privilege for decision-making (N=26, 44.07%) in family culture.
 |
| Figure 5.3 |
5.4. AGE, SEX AND EDUCATION STATUS
By ratio, women (N=37, S=78, 47.44%) are lower in secondary education than men (N=23, S=36, 38.33%) but higher in numbers.
 |
| Figure 5.4 |
5.5. POLITICS, ASSOCIATION & WOMEN
Men see women as 77.78% (N=28, S=36) in their significance in politics, 88.89% (N=32, S=36) in encouraging women for participation in politics, 33.34% (N=12, S=36) in leadership role of associations.
They support women more in politics, however, in leadership role of association, more men (69.45%, N=25, S=36) disagree women to participate.
 |
| Figure 5.5 |
5.6. YOUTH
Those who consider that youths are not significant in association think that at most (N=4, S=8, NA=44) 50% of youth should be in it. Those who consider youths significant also think mostly (N=37, S=66, NA=44) 50% of youth participation in it.
 |
| Figure 5.6 |
6. BEHIND THE RESEARCH
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| Survey |
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| Survey |
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| Dental Treatment |
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| Dental Treatment |
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| Guasing Village, Chin State |
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| Going to Guasing Village |
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| Public Education |
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| Usual Stop Point of Siamsin in Tedim |
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| 2015-2016 Siamsin Executive Committee |
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| History Taking |
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| Data Collecting |
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| History Taking |
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| Group Photo |
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| Going for Data Collection |
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| Data Collectors |
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| SEC Summit Meeting |
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| Diagnosis |
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| Unpacking Medical |
7. CITATION
The article should be cited as follow:
Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Universities of Myanmar (2016, December 29). Tiny Analysis Report: Ethnic Research in Guasing Village, Chin State. Retrieved December 29, 2016, from http://www.open3905.org/2016/12/guasing.html
8. COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
The article and data are copyrighted by Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Universities of Myanmar and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
9. DOWNLOAD
Much analysis can be viewed on the last following link:
- Survey Raw Data (CSV): https://goo.gl/sPzIOX
- Gephi Network Data (Gephi): https://goo.gl/RSWxch
- View All Network Data (web): https://goo.gl/NmPlbS
THUTOM KHENSAT PULAKNA: GUASING KHUA, ZOGAM AH MINAM NGENTELTAKNA
THUTE
1. Thumasa
2. Thumapi
2.1. Ngimna
2.2. Nasepdan
3. Piak khiatna
4. Nasepna Gah
5. Muhkhiatna
6. Lahkhiatna
7. Etkaakna
8. Phalna leh Zattheina
9. Download
1. THUMASA
Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universiteis of Myanmar (2015-2016), Siamsin Executive Committee (SEC) te makaih na tawh Guasing Khua, Zogam ah minam ngenteltakna kibawl thei hi.
A masa in, April kha 14 – 18, 2016 ni ah akibawl “A (6) veina Siamsin Medical Trip leh A (7) veina Siamsin Summit (Guasing Khua)” ah hong kihel thei leh hongpan pih thei ahi Zomi Sang naupuang te, Siavuan te, Ha Siavuan te leh Nurse te tung ah Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar teng in lungdam kohna hong nei nuam masa ung. Anih na in, Guasing khua ah om ulian te in lam hong lak hong panpih na te tung ah zong lungdamna lianpi hong koh nuam ung.
Kei ma aituam in, oral data input translation ah hong huh thei ahi Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Yangon, President (2016-2017), Tg. Thang Lam Lian (Lianpi) tung leh hih nasepna ah hong panpih thei Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Yangon, the Executive of Communication & Fundraising (2015-2016), Lia Zam Khan Lun (Lun Bawi) tung ah nakpi tak in lungdam mah mah hi.
Atawpna ah, hih nasepna hong piang thei nading in, hong huh thei ahih Guasing khua aa om khuanu, khuapa te tung ah zong lungdam hi cih kong gen nuam hi.
Tg. Cing Sian Dal (Dalpi)
Secretary of Research & Development Department
Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar
2. THUMAPI
Kumsim in Zomi Siamin Kipawlna – Universities of Myanmar te in Cidamna tawh kisai Zogam khua tuamtuam ah zin in panpih thei hi. 2015 – 2016 kum in Guasing Khua ah abawl ding in aki thukim hi.
Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna – Universiteis of Myanmar (2015-2016), Siamsin Executive Committee (SEC) te makaih na tawh Guasing Khua, Zogam ah minam ngenteltakna kibawl thei hi.
Thudotna pen April 14-18, 2016 dong kibawl a, oral data input translation pen December 17-20, 2016 dong hi in, Khensatna (Analysis) pen December 21-26, 2015 hi in, Pulaakna atna pen December 27-30, 2016 in gualzo takin kibawl thei hi.
2.1. NGIMNA
Hih nasepna ii ngimna pen Zomi te ii biakna, gamvai, minam vai, kipawlna vai, pilsinna, gampua ah vatenna leh vapaina, sinnop pilna, thu kizakna, mimal lungsim aituam, khuaneu leh khuapi ii khantoh kisapna te tung ah muhkhiatna te ngenteltak in pulaak nading ahihi.
Tua baan ah Zogam leh Zomi te khantoh naang hong panpih kipawlna atuamtuam te, hih bang khantohna apiang khiat naang ahanciam te ading ngimna ahihi.
2.2. NASEP DAN
Nasepna ah oral data input translation khialhna omloh naang Diff3 tawh (3) vei limtakin kisit hi. Thute pen Comma Separated Value (CSV) tawh kiciam teh hi.
Gephi Software, csv-to-nodelist, Gephi CSV Edgelist Converter, SQL Language te tawh thute khensatna bawl hi.
3. PIAK KHIATNA
Hih analysis report pen Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Yangon ah om ka' lawmte tung ah piak khiatna hi.
4. NASEPNA GAH
4.1. THUDAWN TE II THU TAWMNO
Guasing khuano khuata te (S=118, pasal=36, numei=78) kidotna hi.
Table 4.1
| MEN | WOMEN | |||
| AGE | ||||
| < 18 | 6 | 17 | No Response | 4 |
| 18-22 | 7 | 19 | ||
| 23-26 | 2 | 5 | ||
| 27+ | 21 | 37 | ||
| Total | 36 | 78 | Total | 4 |
| Job | Unknown Sex | |||
| Job | 6 | 7 | Job | 1 |
| No Job | 28 | 69 | No Job | 3 |
| Searching Job | 2 | 2 | Searching Job | 0 |
| Total | 36 | 78 | Total | 4 |
| Education | No Response | |||
| No Schooling | 0 | 7 | Male | 1 |
| Primary | 0 | 2 | Female | 0 |
| Secondary Education | 23 | 38 | ||
| High Education | 9 | 22 | Unknown Sex | |
| Under-graduated | 2 | 7 | Secondary Education | 2 |
| Graduated | 1 | 2 | High Education | 1 |
| Graduated | 1 | |||
| Total | 35 | 78 | Total | 5 |
4.2. PIL SINNA
Mimal atamzaw in (97.46%, N=115, NA=3) tu hun khangno te ading hauhna sang in pilna thupi masa zaw hi ci in hong dawng uh hi. Atam zaw in (94.92%, N=112, NA=3) Tan 10 onn ham tang ding kisam sa uh hi.
Sinnop pilna khat asing thei ding hi leh atamzaw in medicine (33.91%, N=40) leh engineering (18.64%, N=64) kah nuam hi ci in hong dawng uh hi.
Table 4.2
| < 18 | 18-22 | 23-26 | 27+ | |||
| Enthusiasm | No Response | |||||
| Doctor | 10 | 7 | 0 | 12 | < 18 | 1 |
| Obstetrics & Gynecology | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 18-22 | 1 |
| Nurse | 1 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 23-26 | 0 |
| Pharmacy | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 27+ | 4 |
| Public Health | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Engineer | 2 | 5 | 2 | 11 | ||
| Software Engineer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Civil Engineer | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Auto-motor Engineering | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Business | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Economics | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Theology | 4 | 2 | 0 | 10 | ||
| Music | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Myanmar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Police | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Soldier | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | ||
| Captain | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Foreign Language | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Psychology | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Teacher | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | ||
| School Education | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ||
| Total | 24 | 25 | 8 | 56 | Total | 6 |
| Note: Total value count exceeds 118 due to presence of two enthusiasms for one person. |
4.3. GAMPUA AH VAPAINA
Thudawng te sung ah mimal 66 (46.61%, NA=1) te pen gamdang (gam 3 na) pai sawm lo uh a, mimal 43 (36.44%, NA=1) te pen gamdan (gam 3 na) pai sawm tek uhhi.
Ahih hang in, Guasing khua pan mundang apai nuam te atam zaw (73.73%, N=87, NA=3) a hi lam kimu khia hi. Mundang acih ciang in Khuapi (52.54%, N=62, N=3), Zanggam (13.56%, N=16, NA=3), Gamdang (7.63%, N=9, NA=3) te a hi hi.
Table 4.3
| COUNT | |
| Urban | 1 |
| Tedim | 29 |
| Yangon | 6 |
| Kalay | 26 |
| Plain | 16 |
| Foreign Countries | 9 |
| Guasing Village | 26 |
| Conditional | 2 |
| No Response | 3 |
| Total | 118 |
4.4. THUTHAK KIZAKNA
Thuthak kizakna ah pawlpi laihawm atuamtuam (N=46) te leh Zo Aw (N=40) pan atam zaw in kisim tek uh hi.
Table 4.4
| IMPRESSION COUNT | |
| News Source | |
| Church's Pamplet | 46 |
| Zo Aw | 40 |
| Yangon Awging | 27 |
| Zingsol | 19 |
| Tedim Post | 17 |
| Internet | 14 |
| Tongsan | 13 |
| Government-owned Newspaper | 13 |
| Zomi Times | 9 |
| Journal (Burmese Language) | 9 |
| Radio | 2 |
| Friends | 1 |
| No Response | 15 |
4.5. MOVIE (ZOLAI/PAU SUBTITLE)
Atam zaw (85.60%, N=101, NA=1) in Zolai/Zopau tawh kihawm khia movie te phattuamna om sa uh hi.
Ahih hang, mimal 12 (10.17%, NA=1) te in hanciam huai lai ci uh hi.
Table 4.5
| COUNT | |
| Movie Subtitle | |
| Suggest Improvement | 12 |
| Useful | 101 |
| Either Useful or Pointless | 2 |
| Pointless | 2 |
4.6. INTERNET ZATNA
Atam zaw mimal 97 (82.20%, NA=1) te in Internet zang lo uh a, mimal 16 (13.56%, NA=1) te bek in zang uh hi. Mimal 4 te in zat ding hoih sa in zang nai lo uh hi.
Table 4.6
| COUNT | |
| Internet Usage | |
| Using | 16 |
| Not Using | 97 |
| Good but Not Using | 4 |
4.7. INNKUAN SUNG AH THUKHEN SATNA
Thudawng te sung pan 47.46% (N=56, NA=4) pen innkuan sung ah thuken satna nei lo uh a, 22.03% (N=26, NA=4) pen nei uh hi. 27.19% (N=32, NA=4) te in khat vei vei bek nei uh hi.
| COUNT | |
| Decision | |
| Full Right | 26 |
| Sometimes | 32 |
| No Right | 56 |
4.8. KHUANEU KISAPNA
Zato pen amau khuaneu te ading in akisep pen a hi hi. Anih na ah Phone Line ci in, athum na ah lampi ci uh hi.
Table 4.8
| DEMAND COUNT | |
| Village Demand | |
| Hospital/Clinics | 64 |
| Phone Line | 29 |
| Street & Road | 23 |
| School/University | 17 |
| Water | 4 |
| Electricity | 3 |
| No Answer (Village Demand) | 2 |
| Airport | 1 |
| Good Headmanship | 1 |
| Village Development Committee | 1 |
| Vocational Education | 1 |
4.9. KHAUPI (TEDIM) KISAPNA
Tedim Khuapi ading in tulai tak University/College Sang kisam sa pen uh hi. Tua baan ah, Mei, Lampi, leh Zato kisam sa uh hi.
Table 4.9
| DEMAND COUNT | |
| Tedim Township Demand | |
| University/College | 45 |
| Electricity | 14 |
| Road & Street | 2 |
| Hospital | 2 |
| Company | 1 |
| Already Enough | 1 |
| No Answer (Tedim City Demand) | 4 |
4.10. MIMAL LUNGSIM AITUAM
Taih inn dawl (10) lam ding hi le cin, sum a cin dong khol masa ding te pen mimal 51 (43.22%, NA=2) hi in nei zah zah tawh kipan ding te pen mimal 65 (55.08%, NA=2) bang kiphal hi. Hih mun ah nei zah zah tawh alam ding te in bang bang hong piang taleh alauthawng huai te en lo a, upna tung ah bulphulh hi. Sum a cin dong khol masa ding te in ngaihsun masa in, alauthawng huai te en a, apian za tung ah kinga uh hi.
4.11. GAMVAI
4.11.1. BIAKNA LEH MINAM
Mimal 58 (49.15%, NA=3) in biakna leh minam vai nasep khop pih ding hoihsa lo uh hi ci hi. Amau lakpan, mimal 14 (11.86%, NA=3) khen siang ding hoih sa uh hi ci hi. Ahi hang in, mimal 53 (44.92%, NA=3) in hoih sa uh hi. Mimal 4 (3.39%, NA=3) in hoih kawi kawi sa uh hi.
4.11.2. GAM MAKAI
Mimal 57 (48.30%, NA=8) in Gam Makai ding in Biakna Makai te mah hoih sa uh hi. Mimal 47 (39.83%, NA=8) in Leitung Lam Makai te mah hoih sa uh hi.
Table 4.11.2
| COUNT | |
| Ideal State Leader | |
| Religious | 57 |
| Non-religious | 47 |
| Those who love the State | 3 |
| Highly Educated Leader | 1 |
| Political Enthusiast | 1 |
| Those who love the People | 1 |
| No Response | 5 |
4.11.3. ME PIAKNA
Mimal atam zaw in (96.61%, N=114, NA=3) me pia uh hi.
Me apiak uh ciang in, party (49.15%, N=58, NA=4), mimal (28.81%, N=34, NA=4), sia te gen dan dan(6.78%, N=8, NA=4), khuapih tanau te piak dan dan (11.86%, N=14, NA=4) en in pia uh hi.
4.11.4. GAMVAI AH NUMEI KIHELNA
Mimal atam zaw (85.60%, N=101, NA=2) in gamvai ah numei te kihel ding in thupi sa uh hi. Mimal 8 (6.78%, NA=2) in amau tel kizawh dan dan pia sawm uh hi.
Mimal atam zaw (N=99, 83.91%, NA=3) in gamvai ah numei te kihel ding thapia huai sa uh a, mimal 7 (5.93%, NA=3) thapia huai salo in, mimal 9 (7.62%, NA=3) in amau kizawh dan dan pia sawm uh hi.
4.12. KIPAWLNA
4.12.1. KIPAWLNA MIN
Thudawng te in Guasing Development Committee (28.81%, N=34, NA=44) ah atam zaw kihel uh a, anih na ah Biakna kipawlna (7.63%, N=9, NA=44) ah kihel tam zaw hi.
Table 4.12.1
| COUNT | |
| Association | |
| Guasing Development Committee (GDC) | 34 |
| Church | 9 |
| Youth Association | 6 |
| Siamsin | 4 |
| Women Association | 4 |
| Youth Service | 3 |
| Headmanship | 2 |
| MYC | 2 |
| Animal Farming | 1 |
| Variety | 1 |
| Education | 1 |
| Health Organization | 1 |
| MZCYF | 1 |
| Sunday School | 1 |
| World Health Organization | 1 |
| World Vision | 1 |
| ZCD | 1 |
| ZYA | 1 |
| No Response | 44 |
4.12.2. KIPAWLNA ATUAM TUAM
Mimal 87 (73.73%, NA=2) in kipawlna atuam tuam om hoih sa a, mimal 29 (24.58%, NA=2) in kipawlna khat bek om hoih sa uh hi.
4.12.3. KIPAWLNA ATUAM TUAM KICINGNA
Mimal 77 (65.25%, NA=40) te in Zomi sung ah kipawlna te kicing sa lo hi. Mimal 7 (5.93%, NA=4) in kinak sap mah mah lai ci hi. Mimal 37 (31.35%, NA=4) te in kicing sa ta uh hi.
4.12.4. KIPAWLNA AH KIHELNA
Mimal 38 (32.20%, NA=3) te in kipawlna khat peuh ah kihel lo uh a, mimal 76 (64.41%, NA=3) te kihel uh hi.
4.12.5. KIPAWLNA TAWH NASEP KHOPNA
Mimal khempeuh (100%, N=118, NA=0) in kipawlna tawh nasep khop nuam sa uh hi.
4.12.6. KIPAWLNA AH NUMEI MAKAI SEPNA
Mimal sung 48.31% (N=57, NA=4) in kipawlna ah numei te in makai pi sep ding kithukim hi. 37.29% (N=44, NA=4) in thukim lo hi. 11.02% (N=13, NA=4) te in phamawh sa lo hi.
4.13. KIPAWLNA AH KHANGNO LAM
4.13.1. THUPI SAKNA
55.93% mimal (N=66, NA=44) in kipawlna te ah khangno te kihel ding hoih sa uh a, 6.78% mimal in hoih sa lo hi.
4.13.2. THUKHEN SATNA
Khangno atam zaw in (66.95%, N=79, NA=4) minam bup kipawlna (eg GZA) ii thukhen satna ah kihel uh hi. Mimal 19.49% (N=23, NA=4) te in khat vei vei kihel uh hi. Mimal 10.17 % (N=12, NA=4) te kihel lo hi.
4.13.3. KIHEL HUAI SAKNA
Tualsung minam kipawlna te ah khangno te 50% atam zaw in kihel huai sa uh hi.
| COUNT | |
| Expected Rate | |
| 100% | 4 |
| 90% | 2 |
| 80% | 4 |
| 70% | 10 |
| 60% | 1 |
| 50% | 55 |
| 40% | 3 |
| 35% | 6 |
| 30% | 4 |
| 25% | 7 |
| 20% | 1 |
| 12% | 1 |
| 10% | 5 |
| 0% | 1 |
| Much Better | 7 |
5. LAHKHIATNA
5.1. GAMPUA VAPAINA
Graph sung ah, Gamdang (gam 3 na) pai na ah a dawng lo khat om (No Answer – Go 3rd Land USA) in amah ten na khua ah bek om nuam (I just want to live here) ding in kimu khia hi.
Mailam ah koi khua ah na ten sawm hiam a cih adawng lo mimal (3) om in (No Answer – I want to live) tua lak pan khat in gamdang (gam 3 na) pai sawm nuam a (Want to Go 3rd Land - USA), adang te nih in pai sawm nuam lo (Don’t Want to Go 3rd Land) ding a kimu khia hi.
|
| Figure 5.1 |
5.2. BIAKNA LEH MINAM
Biakna leh Minam vai nasep khop hoih nasa hiam ci thu ah adawng lo khat om in (No Answer – Combination of Religion & Ethnicity), amah in gam makai ding aa, biakna makai te mah hoih sa ci in, kimu khia hi.
Biakna pen minam vai tawh kidem na hi a, thuzawh na zong a hihi. Biakna leh minam vai nasep khopna a hoih salo te leh khen siang ding hoih sa te lak pen mimal 50% (N=29, S=58, NA=2) in gam makai ding in biakna makai te mah hoih sa a, mu khia uh hi.
|
| Figure 5.2 |
5.3. KUM, NUMEI, PASAL LEH INNKUAN THUKHENSATNA
Hih tawh kisai in a ki dawng na ah, numei te pen pasal te sang atam zaw hang, ratio tawh twat (calculate) leh zong, numei (53.95%, N=41, S=76, NA=2) te pen pasal (41.67%, N=15, S=36, NA=2) te sang innkuan sung ah thukensat lona tam zaw a kimu khia hi.
Kum 27 (40%, N=24, S=60) atung siah te in innkuan sung ah thukensat na (N=26, 44.07%) tam hi.
|
| Figure 5.3 |
5.4. KUM, NUMEI, PASAL LEH PIL SINNA
Ratio tung tawn in, pasal (N=23, S=36, 38.33%) te pen numei (N=37, S=78, 47.44%) te sang in Tan 4-8 pil sinna ah tawm niam zaw aa ki mu khia hi. A hih hang in, numei te pen pasal te sang numbat tam zaw hi.
|
| Figure 5.4 |
5.5. KIPAWLNA, GAMVAI LEH NUMEI
77.78% Pasal te in gamvai ah numei te kihel ding thupi sa hi. 88.89% Pasal te in gamvai ah numei te kihel ding thapiak huai sa hi. 33.34% pasal te in kipawlna makai nading in thukim huai sa hi.
Gamvai ah numei te thakipia zaw ah kipawlna ah makai nading in pasal (69.45%, N=25, S=36) tam zaw in numei te kihel nading in thukim lo uh hi.
|
| Figure 5.5 |
5.6. KHANGNO LEH KIPAWLNA
Khangno te pen kipawlna ah kihel ding pelmawh lo hi ci a adawng mimal 4 te (N=4, S=8, NA=44) in tualsung minam te kipawlna te ah khangno te 50% kihel ding ci kimu khia hi. Khangno te Kipawlna ah kihel ding pelmawh sak te pen atamzaw in (N=37, S=66, NA=44) tualsung minam te kipawlna te ah khangno te 50% kihel huai sa uh ci kimu khia hi.
|
| Figure 5.6 |
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| Survey Dong |
|
| Survey Dong |
|
| Dental Treatment |
|
| Dental Treatment |
|
| Public Education |
|
| Resting at a friend's home (Tedim) |
|
| Guasing Village |
|
| History Taking |
|
| Survey |
|
| History Taking |
|
| Group Photo |
|
| Dignosis |
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| SEC |
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| Data Collector |
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| Going for Data Collection |
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| Upacking Medical Equipements |
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| Going to Guasing Village |
7. ETKAAKNA
Etkaakna naneihuh ciang in anuai ah dang in na hihun:
Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Universities of Myanmar (2016, December 29). Tiny Analysis Report: Ethnic Research in Guasing Village, Chin State. Retrieved December 29, 2016, from http://www.open3905.org/2016/12/guasing.html
8. PHALNA LEH ZATTHEINA
Hih analysis paper leh data te pen Zomi Siamsin Kipawlna - Universities of Myanmar ii Copyright hi. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License nuai ah om hi.
9. DOWNLOAD & VIEW
Atung ah akilak analysis te pen kicing lo ahih manin, na thei nop uh a om ah leh, hi anuai ah download thei hi.
- Survey Raw Data (CSV): https://goo.gl/sPzIOX
- Gephi Network Data (Gephi): https://goo.gl/RSWxch
- View All Network Data (web): https://goo.gl/NmPlbS
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
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